Some patients have a fall on face and many a times teeth crack or result in loss of tooth structure.
The tooth is half broken and looks unsightly.
Different different treatment options are available to treat such a tooth.The cracked or broken tooth is in a state of shock immediately after trauma.
Such teeth may not show any symptoms at an early stage but they need endodontic treatment or just a simple filling serves the purpose.
If the tooth is vertically fractured it needs to be extracted.No other treatment options help save the tooth.
However if the tooth is chipped horizontally there are a number of favourable options to save a tooth and restore the lost tooth structure.It depends on the condition though.
Ellis classification for fracture of teeth is most widely accepted.Mentioned below are its types:
The tooth is half broken and looks unsightly.
Different different treatment options are available to treat such a tooth.The cracked or broken tooth is in a state of shock immediately after trauma.
Such teeth may not show any symptoms at an early stage but they need endodontic treatment or just a simple filling serves the purpose.
If the tooth is vertically fractured it needs to be extracted.No other treatment options help save the tooth.
However if the tooth is chipped horizontally there are a number of favourable options to save a tooth and restore the lost tooth structure.It depends on the condition though.
Ellis classification for fracture of teeth is most widely accepted.Mentioned below are its types:
Class I - Simple fracture of the crown involving little (or) no dentin.
Class II - Extensive fracture of the crown involving considerable dentin, but not the dental pulp.
Class III - Extensive fracture of the crown involving considerable dentin and exposing the dental pulp.
Class IV - The traumatized teeth that become nonvital with (or) without loss of crown structure.
Class V - Teeth lost as a result of trauma.
Class VI - Fracture of the root with or without a loss of crown structure.
Class VII - Displacement of a tooth without fracture of crown (or) root.
Class VIII - Fracture of crown en masse and its replacement.
Class IX - Injuries to primary dentition.
- Ellis I fracture: Smooth rough corners with a dental drill or an emery board.
- Treatment of fractures contained solely within the enamel alone requires no urgent care. The tooth can be repaired cosmetically at the convenience of the patient
- Ellis II fracture: Cover exposed dentin with a layer of zinc oxide or calcium hydroxide paste (Dycal).
- Dycal requires the tooth to be absolutely dry for adherence. Cover the tooth with a small piece of dental or aluminum foil. Exposure to humidity increases the rate at which the Dycal will set.
- In patients younger than 12 years, coverage is especially important to prevent infection.
- Ellis III fracture: Cover exposed dentin with a layer of zinc oxide or calcium hydroxide. Bleeding and moisture with this type of fracture usually makes it more difficult for these materials to adhere to the tooth. Cover with dental foil and expediently refer the patient to a dentist.
- Root and dentoalveolar fractures require splinting by a dentist for several weeks.
- Bone wax (Ethicon), which is a combination of beeswax and isopropyl palmitate, is not recommended for open dental fractures because it can cause inflammatory reactions of the surrounding soft tissues (eg, pulp).
- Consult a dental or oral maxillofacial surgeon.
- Depending on the extent of the fracture, the dentist may do perform a root canal with calcium hydroxide followed by a gutta-percha filling.
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